ANALYSIS OF THE MICROFLORA ON DATES OF THE BACTERIOLOGICAL LABORATORY

Abstract

Introduction. Bacteriological laboratories play a key role in the diagnosis of infectious diseases, the study of pathogenic 
microorganisms, and the development of prevention methods. Close collaboration between clinical microbiologists and 
attending physicians is necessary to optimize microbiological research. This article discusses the main areas of work of the 
bacteriological laboratory, diagnostic methods, and the role of laboratories in the fight against infectious diseases. 
The purpose of the study. To analyze the structure and properties of pathogens isolated from the patients' material and the 
choice of drugs for initial empirical antimicrobial therapy.  
Research materials and methods. A retrospective continuous copying of research results from the journals of the 
bacteriological laboratory of the Center for Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases in Semey for 2024. Identification of 
pathogens obtained from various patient materials was carried out in accordance with the regulatory documents governing the work 
of bacteriological laboratories. Sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs was determined by the disco diffusion method. Statistical processing 
was carried out in the Excel program. 
The results of the study. In total, 37790 analyzes from 31689 individuals were performed in the bacteriological laboratory of 
Semey in 2024. The main areas of the laboratory's work were the isolation of salmonella, shigella, opportunistic pathogenic flora, 
pathogenic staphylococcus, feces for dysbiosis, pathogens of droplet infections (meningococcal infection, diphtheria, pertussis), 
blood tests, biomaterial studies for pathogenic flora, serological studies. In intestinal infections, pathogenic flora, conditionally 
pathogenic flora, pathogenic staphylococcus, and stool examination for dysbiosis were determined. Of airborne infections, studies 
were conducted on meningococcal infection, whooping cough and diphtheria. Blood tests for hemoculture and striality were carried 
out in the laboratory. The laboratory also conducted studies of various biomaterials for pathogenic flora: eyes, ENT organs, wounds, 
breast milk, genitals, urine, sputum, cadaverous material. The analysis of the microbial landscape revealed that bacteria from the 
genera of Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Candida, Escherichia coli, etc. were most often isolated. The bacteriological laboratory 
performs serological studies.  
Conclusions. The work of specialists in microbiological laboratories plays a crucial role in the effective prevention and 
control of infections, since the identification of the pathogen allows doctors to prescribe treatment in a timely and effective 
manner and thereby prevent the spread of infections.