FEATURES OF THE ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS COURSE DEPENDING ON GENDER IN THE KAZAKH POPULATION

Abstract

Relevance. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton and ileosacral joints, which is mainly detected in males. However, according to recent publications, an increase in the disease incidence among female patients has been revealed. Therefore, the study of the phenotypic features of the disease depending on the gender of patients is an actual problem of modern rheumatology. Aim: to study the gender characteristics of the disease course in AS patients in the Kazakh population. Methods: This is observational analytical single-stage cross-sectional study of 70 patients with a verified AS diagnosis. It was conducted on the basis of the medical-diagnostic center of the multidisciplinary city hospital #2 in Astana. All patients were examined by a rheumatologist, during which complaints, anamnesis of life and disease, physical examination using BASFI, BASMI, BASDAI, ASDAS indices were collected. A laboratory study of the general blood test, a biochemical blood test with the determination of ALT, AST, total protein, creatinine, cholesterol, glucose, CRP was conducted. A genetic study was conducted for the HLA B27 presence. Statistical analysis of measurements was carried out according to generally accepted standards in the IBM SPSS Statistics 21 software program. Results: A comparative analysis of patients was carried out depending on gender. We found the statistically significant differences in the duration of the disease. It was 2 times greater among males. It was revealed that the advanced stage of the disease was significantly more common in male patients. However, the late stage of AS was more common among females. Correlations were revealed showing that the delay in diagnosis and the duration of AS are interrelated with the activity of the disease according to the ASDAS scale, deterioration of mobility of the spine and hip joints according to the BASMI index, as well as with laboratory markers of inflammation. Conclusions. Thus, the study of the gender characteristics of AS in women is of increased interest and requires further research in order to improve the diagnosis of the disease as a whole and timely diagnosis in women for the timely start of therapy and the introduction of preventive measures for the development of complications of ankylosing spondylitis.