THE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM OF IMPAIRED DEVELOPMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AT AN EARLY AGE AND SUBSEQUENT INTERVENTION. REVIEW.

Abstract

Introduction. In recent years, a surge in media coverage has been observed regarding the increasing number of children suffering from impaired development of the nervous system and the widespread disabilities among the child population. This has led to an abundance of unverified data, which has caused parents to fear vaccination and increased public distrust in domestic healthcare professionals. Additionally, widespread advertising for new and questionable correction methods has been seen. This article will focus on publications for the period of 2018 to 2022, highlighting the current state of affairs regarding disorders of the nervous system among young children and the measures taken to address them through early intervention.
Aim: Analysis of literature data on probable clinical variants of nervous system disorders in early childhood and intervention. Search strategy: To write this article, we have used articles in Russian and English, which were taken from the Cochrane library, Google Scholar, the e-library and statistical data from official open sources. The materials studied describe the current state of disorders in the development of the nervous system among young children. The period covered by the search is from 2018 to 2022, and clinical case descriptions, newspaper articles, and personal communications were not included in the analysis. Out of the 89 articles and 3 publications from other open sources that we used, only those that met the inclusion criteria were included in our analysis. Results: In this literature review, publications related to the study of current issues in disorders of the nervous system in early childhood are analyzed. It has been found that these issues are multidisciplinary in nature, including, for example, childhood disability, autism, premature birth, and various delays in motor and speech development. Various intervention programs are currently being developed and implemented in order to address these issues at an early stage. Many of these programs have proven to be quite effective. Over the past few years, a trend has emerged towards family-centered approaches, which involve the active participation of parents in the intervention process. Conclusions: When examining the issue of early intervention, features specific to individual countries are highlighted. Programs aimed at reducing the incidence of childhood disabilities, preventing mental health conditions and deviant behaviors are in high demand among families with a low social status. Given the high cost of such programs for children diagnosed with autism, they are not accessible to all members of society. Nevertheless, researchers agree that the earlier the rehabilitation begins, the more positive the prognosis for the family's overall quality of life. To increase efficiency and inter-agency collaboration, state-level support is required to implement early intervention programs.