TRENDS IN THE INCIDENCE OF INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS FOLLOWING THE UPDATE OF INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES. LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction. Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare infectious disease characterized by a stable increase in incidence rates. Currently, there are several international guidelines for the prevention of IE. Consequently, researchers and healthcare professionals are questioning the effectiveness of these guiding principles for the prevention of IE. Objective of the Study. To analyze changes in the updated preventive recommendations and to study the trends in the incidence of IE following the implementation of these preventive guidelines. 
Materials and Methods. A systematic search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, eLibrary, and Cyberleninka without restrictions on publication date or language. Results. The AHA and ESC guidelines are similar in that both strongly recommend the administration of antibiotics for patients at high risk of IE prior to invasive dental procedures. In contrast, NICE advocates for a complete cessation of antibiotic prophylaxis. Despite various approaches, there is an annual increase in the incidence of IE. It is important to note that countries that have developed national guidelines have not only achieved a reduction in incidence but also a decrease in mortality due to IE. Conclusions. Thus, despite the stable increase in the incidence of IE in some countries, progress has been made in the prevention of the disease. Considering that there are currently no epidemiological studies on IE in Kazakhstan, healthcare professionals should pay attention to this issue and conduct appropriate research. Moreover, it is important to consider the development of national guidelines for disease prevention, taking into account the epidemiological profile of IE in the country.