IMMUNOMARKERS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Abstract

Relevance: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the severe immuno-inflammatory diseases of the joints, the prevalence
of which is 0.5-2% among the adult employable population. Meanwhile, RA occurs in women 2-3 times more often than in
men. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the prevalence of RA is 0.36-0.38%, and the incidence is 0.085-0.087%. It is known that
disorders of the immune response underlie the pathogenesis of RA, while an important role in the occurrence and
progression of the disease belongs to the lymphocytic and cytokine systems.
Objective: To carry out the systematic search and analysis of scientific information about the immunological profile of
RA patients.

Search strategy and methods: This review article was accomplished within the framework of the AР08052703 project
"Determination of microbiotic and genomic biomarkers of rheumatoid arthritis in the Kazakhstan population". The search for
scientific publications was carried out in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Elsiever, Medline, in the specialized search
engine GoogleScholar.
Results: The pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by a stable high level of pro-inflammatory
(including TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, etc.) and a reduced level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-13, etc.) in the
blood serum and adjacent to the bone part. Many sources report results in solidarity with the data above, however, there are
also contradictory data regarding the concentration of individual cytokines (for instance, IL-2, IL-13, etc.).
Conclusion: The immunological profile of patients RA is currently an urgent and insufficiently studied problem, including
in Kazakhstan. Considering the immunopathogenetic data, morbidity, high disability and economic damage to RA, this
problem, definitely, requires special attention.