HEALTH INDICATORS OF FIRST-YEAR-OF-LIFE CHILDREN IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN FOR 2013-2022

Abstract

Background. Both maternal and child health indicators represent general social welfare and the level of demographic and socio-economic development of society. At the same time, effective control over the system of maternal and child health care requires monitoring of the morbidity of mothers, newborns, and children in the first years of life, so that correct prioritization and allocation of resources can be handled. Aim. Conduct an analysis of the health status of the first-year-of-life children of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period from 2013 to 2022. Materials and methods. We studied the reporting materials of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan based on official statistical data for the period from 2013 to 2022. A comparative analysis of demographic indicators, and indicators of the health status of children aged 0 to 5 years was carried out, an assessment of general and primary morbidity was carried out, and the dynamics of the chronicity rate of diseases were also considered. The following methods were used in the work: reporting, analytical, comparative analysis method, and mathematical method. Results and discussion. Over the past 10 years (2013-2022), there has been a steady downward trend in infant mortality rates in Kazakhstan. According to data for 2022, this indicator was 7.68 per 1000 live births compared to 11.3 for 2013. In 2022, the mortality rate was high due to problems arising in the perinatal period and amounted to 38.4. Despite the decrease in morbidity rates over ten years, respiratory diseases are in first place in the morbidity structure in 2022 with an indicator of 629.8. The absolute number of deceased newborns and the average values of early neonatal mortality in the Republic of Kazakhstan tend to steadily decrease. Conclusions. Therefore, policies and interventions to improve maternal health are a public health issue because these interventions directly affect maternal and child health outcomes.