CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL DETERMINATION OF THEOPTIMAL CANNULA DIAMETER FOR LIPOSUCTION IN RABBITS:EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Abstract

Relevance: Determining the diameter of the cannula most suitable for liposuction is of great importance from the point of
view of both the quality and composition of the resulting material and the convenience of practical use. Previously published
studies have shown that the use of cannulas with a diameter of 2.5 mm or more contributes to the preservation of a more
natural structure of adipose tissue compared to cannulas 1 and 2 mm. There is a direct relationship between the percentage
of connective-woven fibers in the lipoaspirate and the diameter of the cannula. The lack of clear criteria of choosing a cannula for lipoaspiration is one of the limitations for obtaining generally accepted lipoaspiration protocols with subsequent
use of adipose tissue.
Objective: Clinical and histomorphometric determination of the optimal cannula diameter for inguinal lipoaspirate
sampling in an experimental study on rabbits.
Materials and methods: Study design – experiment. The study was conducted on rabbits, the animals were divided into
4 groups. All rabbits underwent liposuction using the Columan method. Cannulas with a diameter of 1.0mm, 2.0mm, 3.0mm,
4.0mm were used. During the operation, the number of reciprocating movements per 1 minute and the number of cases of
blockage of the stables were counted. Next, macroscopic and histomorphometric assessments of the fat lipoaspirate were
carried out.
Results: The average volume of the obtained material in the groups with medium and large cannula diameter was 2.5
cm3 and 2.8 cm3, and in the groups with minimum and small cannula diameter 0.5 cm3 and 1.6 cm3. In all groups, the
average relative amount of adipose tissue was 90-95%, and the average relative amount of fibrous tissue was less than
10%.
In groups with a minimal, small cannula diameter, the average size of stroma fragments was less than 1mm, and in the
group with a large cannula diameter in 37.5% of cases, the average size of fragments was 1-1.5 mm, and 25% of cases
exceeded 1.5 mm. Artifacts in all groups occupied no more than 10% of the area, less than 2% of artifacts they were
occupied in groups with medium and large diameter cannula in 50% and 80% of cases, respectively.
Conclusions: Histomorphometric analysis and evaluation according to a system of subjective criteria showed that the
choice of a cannula with a diameter of 3 mm makes it possible to obtain a lipoaspirate with evenly distributed fibrous tissue of
optimal size.