HYGIENIC CULTURE OF STUDENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction. Appropriate hygiene knowledge and skills of schoolchildren are crucial for reducing the incidence of 
infectious diseases among children. According to the World Health Organization, children are more vulnerable to risk factors 
than adults, and because of this vulnerability, the availability of appropriate water, sanitation and hygiene services in schools 
is of particular importance. Inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene services in the school environment directly or indirectly 
affect health and education outcomes. 
Schools play an important role in teaching knowledge and life skills related to water, sanitation and hygiene. However, 
numerous studies have shown that the availability and accessibility of educational materials on hygiene and the maintenance of hygiene products in their schools were associated with predisposing factors in children, their knowledge and attitude to the 
use and maintenance of hygiene products. This is due to the fact that children lacked reinforcement and an approach to 
learning life skills in the school curriculum. Therefore, conducting a literature review on the topic planned in this work is an 
urgent scientific direction. 
Aim: to analyze the international and domestic experience of secondary educational institutions in the field of preserving 
and strengthening the health of students, as well as the formation of their hygiene skills. 
Search strategy: to conduct a literature review, a thorough search of sources was conducted in a number of databases, 
such as UpToDate, BMJ, PubMed, Scopus, Wiley, Medline, Web of science, Cyberleninka, Google Scholar. This search 
included studies in English published over 6 years (2017-2023), and annual statistical collections on the health of the 
population and the activities of healthcare organizations in the Republic of Kazakhstan. 
Results and conclusions. In our literature review, we have seen that as a result of a combination of various 
interventions in schoolchildren: institutions of general secondary education, curricula, parenting, environment, social 
situation, availability of hygiene products and other factors play an important role in the formation of proper hygiene 
skills.Thus, as the international and domestic experience of general secondary education institutions in the field of protecting 
and strengthening the health of students, the formation of their hygienic skills, the measurement of hygienic knowledge, 
communication and behavior among students, recommendations in the field of health promotion, curricula and materials of 
elective courses, in turn, are the beginning for the development of programs, aimed at improving knowledge, correcting 
misconceptions, forming the right attitude and consolidating behavior, as well as the prevention of parasitic or infectious 
diseases.