PREVALENCE OF DENTAL ANOMALIESFOR ADULTS RESIDING IN ALMATY AND IN ASTANA

Abstract

Introduction: It is relevant to conduct research aimed at finding criteria for early diagnosis of dentoalveolar anomalies,
the results of which will make it possible to predict the degree and direction of changes in various characteristics of the
dentoalveolar system and their mutual influence in the treatment process.
The aim of the work is to analyze the structure of dentoalveolar anomalies in the population of Republic Kazakhstan
large cities and among students.
Materials and research methods: 150 patients (59 men and 91 women) were examined in Almaty, 150 patients in
Astana (55 men and 95 women) and 150 people (68 men and 82 women) from the students of 1-4 courses of the Faculty of
Dentistry Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty.
Based on the results of the examination, an orthodontic diagnosis was made in accordance with the classification of
Angle (E.Angle), sagittal malocclusion - class I (neutral bite), class II - distal bite), class III - mesial bite. Vertical anomalies
were also determined - open and deep bites.
Results: It has been established that in the structure of dentoalveolar anomalies in all groups of patients, anomalies of
the I class according to Angle are most often detected, while the maximum proportion of such anomalies was in the
examined students, that is, younger people. Class III dentoalveolar anomalies were found less frequently in all samples,
while in students with a minimum frequency.
Open bite was generally less common than deep bite, and these differences were also most pronounced in medical
students. Less pronounced were the differences in the frequency of detection of open and deep occlusion in subjects from
the city of Astana, while there were statistically significant differences by gender - men more often had an open bite, while
women had a deep one.
Conclusion: The established differences in the prevalence and severity of dentoalveolar anomalies in the population of
the Republic Kazakhstan must be taken into account when determining the population's need for orthodontic treatment and
when planning treatment and preventive measures to increase their effectiveness.